The Mighty Mite That is Not so Mighty: Demodex

Demodex, as known as Demodex canis, are a type of mite that are generally inhabiting the skin of dogs. They tend to be harmless, until they become overpopulated as a result of immunosuppressive drugs, poor nutrition, or stress. Most canines that tend to be affected are within the three to six months of age; but of course, all ages are susceptible. Once they become overpopulated on the skins of the dogs, symptoms will begin to appear resulting in diseases.

Symptoms of localized demodex include: skin lesions, hyperpigmentations, alopecia, and erythema. If not treated correctly and promptly, secondary infections can occur as the infected areas become itchy resulting in scratching from the dogs. As the scratching continues, bacteria can enter the area resulting in the secondary infection. Once the symptoms appear, the veterinarian may provide the following differentials: trauma, pyoderma, or dermatophytosis.

Diagnosis of demodex is fairly simple. The veterinarian will perform some deep skin scrapes to retrieve a sample and observe the sample under a microscope. As shown on the pictures provided.

Treatment of demodex is quite straightforward and prognosis tends to be good. Topical medication tends to be the most common treatment, with oral antibiotics or antihistamines required depending on any secondary infections. Most incidences will resolve within four to eight weeks, but may take longer depending on whether secondary infections have occurred.

Demodex itself is a common and fairly harmless illness that can be treated quickly and usually will be healed within one month. If you notice any signs of itching and scratching from your pets, please get a veterinarian to perform an examination as these issues may not be as severe as it seems.